What does the term "phishing" refer to?

The term "phishing" specifically refers to attempts to obtain sensitive information online, such as usernames, passwords, or credit card details, often by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in electronic communications. This activity typically involves deceptive emails or websites that appear legitimate to trick individuals into providing their personal information.

While the other options touch upon related cybersecurity concepts—like malware and data encryption—they do not accurately encompass thefull definition of phishing. Phishing is primarily about the deceitful acquisition of information rather than the broader categories of malware or encryption methods. Thus, the emphasis on obtaining sensitive information is what makes the initial definition stand out distinctly, illustrating the real and specific tactic used in these types of cyber threats.

The inclusion of "all of the above" would generally imply that phishing relates to malware and data encryption as well, which isn't the case. Therefore, the understanding of phishing solely revolves around the efforts to obtain sensitive information online, consolidating its definition and relevance in digital security.