What does the Immigration Alien Query (IAQ) transaction provide?

The Immigration Alien Query (IAQ) transaction is designed to provide law enforcement and public safety officials with timely information regarding aliens who are suspected of criminal activity. This system is particularly useful for agencies that need to ascertain the immigration status of individuals who may pose a risk to public safety or who are involved in criminal investigations.

By accessing the IAQ, officers can receive critical data that may impact their operational decisions, particularly in cases where an individual's immigration status could be directly related to their potential involvement in criminal acts. This ensures that law enforcement can respond appropriately and effectively in various situations concerning public safety.

The other options pertain to areas outside the primary function of the IAQ. Visa applications and updates on immigration law changes are handled through different channels within immigration services, while information about deportation procedures involves legal processes that are distinct from the real-time queries the IAQ facilitates. Thus, the focus of the IAQ on individuals suspected of criminal activity is what makes this option the correct answer.